Reflection Of My Clinical Scenario - 1090 Words

Upon reflection of my clinical scenario, I believe I thoroughly integrated Watson’s carative factor encompassing providing a supportive environment by enhancing the comfort and support of Mrs. Jones to provide optimal nursing care. I was intentional on making Mrs. Jones comfortable and ensuring she had a healing environment by using therapeutic touch, providing authentic presence, and providing a caring environment. I was conscious in my actions and thoughts in order to focus on what would ideal for Mrs. Jones, which included observing her nonverbal communication and adjusting both my verbal and nonverbal communication to accommodate a supportive environment for Mrs. Jones. Therapeutic touch was a significant form of communication between Mrs. Jones and I. â€Å"Touch is a form of communication, used to reinforce simple verbal instructions with cognitively impaired adults, and as a primary form of communication† (Arnold, 2011, p. 387). I was aware of Mrs. Jones’ responses to my use of therapeutic touch and found that she had responded by looking at me, smiling, and relaxing her body posture. Mrs. Jones’ response to my use of therapeutic touch showed a major impact on her environment and had allowed her to feel comfortable in a more supportive environment. Providing presence is a person-to-person experience that shows a sense of caring by â€Å"being there† and â€Å"being with† the client, communicating both verbally and non-verbally, and giving your full attention (Perry Sams, 2010). IShow MoreRelatedBenefits Of Standardized Patients ( Sps )1605 Words   |  7 PagesDuring the second week of class, one of my fellow classmates and I were provided a scenario and the opportunity to engage with standardized patients (SPs), provide care, and develop our caring techniques (Bornais, J., El-Masri, M., Krahn, R. Raiger, J., 2012). The scenario provided involved Brandon Sharp, a gentleman who suffered a spinal cord injury. W hen providing care for Brandon, my partner and I began by completing a focused assessment of his nervous system and then moved on to bathing theRead MoreNursing Reflection Paper1150 Words   |  5 PagesCritical thinking and clinical reasoning are essential for a sound clinical judgement. Nurses use critical thinking models and processes to support and organize the interventions that they perform in the clinical setting. In the scenario of Mr. Patient requesting for a DNR order, I used the nursing process to formulate appropriate nursing actions and the lasater’s clinical judgment model guide my reflection. In this paper, I will describe the skills that was used in relation to nursing processRead MoreNursing Simulation Reflection Paper1317 Words   |  6 Pages Simulation Reflection Anything†¦ the word I professed some time ago. I prayed the prayer that I would do anything. The woman who tends to always be in a state of trepidation, prayed that she would do anything for Him. From that one word, many plans surfaced. I had hoped that it was just spontaneous thoughts and that they did not mean anything. Among the list, was the idea of becoming a nurse. It was an outlandish notion. How on earth could I be a nurse? Somehow that random thought has turnedRead MoreNursing Reflection Essay1419 Words   |  6 PagesReflection on a clinical Skill This essay will discuss a clinical skill in which I have become competent in practicing as a student nurse. I will use a reflective model to discuss how I have achieved the necessary level of competence in my nurse training programme. The reflective model I have chosen to use is Gibbs model (Gibbs 1988). Gibbs model of reflection incorporates the following: description, feelings, evaluation, analysis, conclusion and an action plan (Gibbs 1988). The model willRead MoreEvaluation Of A Clinical Skills Essay1417 Words   |  6 PagesThis essay will discuss a clinical skill in which I have become competent in practicing. I will use a reflective model to discuss how I have achieved the necessary level of competence in my nurse training programme. The reflective model I have chosen to use is Gibbs model (Gibbs 1988). Gibbs model of reflection incorporates the following: description, feelings, evaluation, analysis, conclusion and an action plan (Gibbs 1988). The model will be applied to the essay to facilitate critical thought,Read MoreRelationship Between An Experienced Registered Nurse Essa y1218 Words   |  5 Pagesexperienced registered nurse who is tasked with providing individual attention to and facilitating the induction of the preceptee through coaching, supervision, role modeling and reflection. This integral role influences our future professionals, by assisting and supporting them through a planned orientation in a specific clinical setting. Smedley (2008) and Ulrich (2012) suggest that the preceptor supports the improvement of practical skills, theoretical understanding, and professionalism in precepteesRead MoreEssay on Clinical Reflection Journal700 Words   |  3 PagesClinical Experience Reflection Journal Name: Date: Week 1. Choose one patient (new mother, newborn, or pregnant/laboring woman) and identify the priority problem. What did you contribute toward resolving or easing the problem? N/A for this week 2. Provide an example of an incident during clinical that reinforced the theory you have learned in OB lectures. An incident that reinforced what I have learned in lecture was the postpartum hemorrhage simulation. I learned how chaoticRead MoreThe Novice Nurse : Bridging Gap Between Education And Clinical Practice Essay1442 Words   |  6 PagesThe preceptor assists the novice nurse in bridging the gap between education and clinical practice (Sonya Blevis, 2016). In an NETP (Nurse Entry To Practice), a new graduate is partnered with an experienced nurse who is proficient in teaching a novice. New graduate nurse gets to work in the ward for 1 year and have 6 weeks of orientation phase. Staff nurse introduces the new staff member to the nursing, medical and non-medical team, orientates to the unit and guides until the orientation is completeRead MoreReflection on Video Vignette Pregnant Stroke1011 Words   |  5 PagesIn this essay, I aim to elaborate on my knowledge and understanding of therapeutic communication prior to and after observing the video ‘Handover’ relating to â₠¬ËœPregnant stroke’; scenario-based videos. In particular, my focus is to relate the techniques utilized in the video for therapeutically communicating with the client with construction and enhancement of my personal skills of therapeutic communication, through analyzation and reflection. The video initiated as the paramedic staff informedRead MoreInterprofessional Communication in Healthcare910 Words   |  4 PagesReflection on the Handover Video Vignette The issue of inter-professional communication is a critical aspect of contemporary healthcare to enhance team communication and collaboration; its unique principle is the ability of building mutual trust, understanding and support in healthcare environment (Portsmouth, Coyle amp; Trede, 2012). More importantly, it ensures patient’s intensive care and outcomes effectively. In this reflective essay, by approaching the 5Rs framework for reflection,

Different Types of Leadership and Liberalism Essay

We shall first start by defining a leader as a whole. Who is a leader? Basically a leader is someone who gives directions to others, that is he or she is in charge and takes responsibility of the people being led by him or her. Hence leadership comes from leader meaning the act of portraying the qualities and role of a leader. Leaders tend to be more of serving the people rather than commanding as many may think. They show qualities such as being caring, focused, committed and have a high sense of integrity including many other qualities. With that then we can relate Leadership to Liberalism. Liberalism has been defined by Crawford (2000) as â€Å"the visualization and pursuit of political schemes which have no obvious connection to the world†¦show more content†¦In short, the U.S ever since does rely on the Middle East for oil as the Carter administration started importing oil from Canada. Today, Canada is the main source of oil in the U.S. Mr. Nye (2013) in an article differentiates between different leaders of the United States. For example he gives an example of Woodrow Wilson and the first George Bush. Wilson made a costly and mistaken bet on the Treaty of Versailles at the conclusion of the First World War. His noble vision of an American-led League of Nations was partially vindicated in the long term. But he lacked the leadership skills to implement this vision in his own time, and this shortcoming contributed to America’s retreat into isolationism in the 1930s. In the case of Bush 41, the president’s lack of what he called â€Å"the vision thing† limited his ability to sway Americans’ perceptions of the nation and its role in the world. But his execution and management of policy was first-rate. We therefore end seeing results from the two leaders of Liberalism. Though Wilson led to the U.S living a realism perspective in the late 1930;s, we see that the U.S at this time was not as infl uential as it was after the second world war. The U.S engaged into the globalization of the world and started maintaining good relations with other nation states. It is here that the U.S regained its position as a super power. Transformational leaders are important because they make choices that most other leaders would not. But a keyShow MoreRelatedConservatism And Liberalism914 Words   |  4 Pagesregulations, people with unfavorable circumstance and minorities can be benefit from lower taxes, less government regulation. Liberalism will support in a more active role of the government, by helping with a higher financially spending, regulation, and policies that will enable them to achieve a greater social equality to minorities and the unfavorable ones. Conservatism and liberalism have been a part of the political ideas and thoughts from the beginning of the of the American democracy. The democracyRead MorePolitics, Realism, Liberalism And Liberty1507 Words   |  7 Pageschallenges thoughts on existing theories and helps to develop the understanding of political concepts that are often deemed to be effective or ineffective. This essay will refer to some concepts and theories such as Political Corruption, Realism, Liberalism and Liberty. It will explore the kind of things academics generally try to find out through studying politics to explore these topics and what they should possibly be looking for instead when studying politics. Political Corruption covers a broadRead MoreEssay on American Political Parties1300 Words   |  6 Pagessystem is more particularly so. The American system comprises of enormous bureaucracies, huge bicameral legislatures and extensively elaborate committee systems. In addition, there are many layers of courts in the jurisdiction system, each with a different political structure that compounds the fragmentation even further, making the American government an even more complicated structure. There are also multiple interest groups in political America as well as in many modern systems. These groups areRead MoreThe Activism : How Bernie Sanders Campaign Can Help Us Understand Modern Activism1008 Words   |  5 Pageswhile Sanders had a higher percentage of male supporters than females, and more white than non-white supporters, the differences were less than 10%. However, the greatest differences in demographics between Sanders and Clinton supporters was among different age groups an d political affiliations. Sanders pulled a significant majority of independents (67 compared to Clinton’s 28%), reflecting a frustration with the current political system, and among voters under 45 (59 to 34%). These younger votes tendRead MoreSpread Of Nationalism Throughout Europe1505 Words   |  7 PagesNapoleon conquered France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Switzerland, and most of Western Germany and northern Italy. He justified French expansion and military campaigns with the claim that France had the right to spread the enlightened ideals and liberalism, believe that government should promote equality for all. France had just undergone a bloody revolution that supported the ideals of â€Å"liberty, equality, and fraternity†. When Napoleon was conquering lands, these ideas spread with him. The inadvertentRead MoreComparing Isaiah Berlin And Stuart2275 Words   |  10 Pagesalternative, and human liberals way of thinking in an analytic tradition sharply diverges f rom how people think of traditions. Isaiah Berlin and Stuart Hampshire influenced Taylors thinking of positive and negative thinking. Taylor extended the humanist liberalism of Hampshire and Berlin, while perfectly drawing the insights of an ontological turn leading to the question of how other philosophers could theorize and defend his arguments. On the other hand, Taylor drew heavily from the insights of Heidegger’sRead More The Marginalization of Minority Groups in The Electoral System1362 Words   |  6 Pagesalso ensure that racial, ethnic, and social diversity is reflected in national leadership. This paper will aim to create to create a strong electoral system that promotes the sustainability and longevity of democracy amidst racial and ethnic cleavages. To do so, I will show that proportional representation under parliamentary system can not only bridge the gap between underrepresented minorities and national leadership, but also ensure that there is a more equitable diffusion of power. I will focusRead MorePoli 330 Entire Course – Devry (Dqs -Checkpoints Critical Paper)4649 Words   |  19 Pagesthis is the case? Please be sure to provide a specific example from the text to support your response. Week 2 discussion Types of Power (graded) If politics truly defines who gets what, when, where, and how, then those that succeed at this game must have some advantage in doing so. This advantage comes from power. So, what is the definition of power? And what types of power are utilized in the political realm? Theories Regarding the State (graded) Chapter 4 begins with a description ofRead MoreArticle Abstracts: Concept of Nazism1283 Words   |  5 Pagesapproach that identifies key figures, events, and historical trends in Germany and the world during the development and progress of the Nazi party and Nazism, Hayek concludes that there was a movement both by the far-left and the far-right against the liberalism of the period following World War I, and that it was the combination and conflagration of these forces and sentiments that led to the rise of the Nazi party. Bessel, R. (1986). Political violence and the rise of Nazism. New York: Yale UniversityRead MorePoli 330 Entire Course (Dqs -Checkpoints Critical Paper)9209 Words   |  37 Pagesthink this is the case? Please be sure to provide a specific example from the text to support your response. Week 2 discussion Types of Power (graded) If politics truly defines who gets what, when, where, and how, then those that succeed at this game must have some advantage in doing so. This advantage comes from power. So, what is the definition of power? And what types of power are utilized in the political realm? Theories Regarding the State (graded) Chapter 4 begins with a description of Plato’s

Consumer Behaviour Purchase Decision Process

Question: Discuss about the Consumer Behaviour for Purchase Decision Process. Answer: Introduction Consumer purchase decision process refers to series of steps that a consumer crosses before buying the ultimate product of his choice. Different factors, characteristics and specificities have an impact on the consumer and these factors influence the consumer in the decision making process and purchasing behaviour. A purchase decision may be the result of one or all of the factors (Wilson et al., 2012). The domains under which these factors may be categorised are cultural, social, personal and psychological. Among the four kinds of factors, it has been found that social factors significantly have a greater impact on the product and consumer purchase decision process at all stages. Marketers attempt to implement their marketing methods based on this consumer purchase decision process considering the factors that impact the overall buying process (Hair Lukas, 2014). ABC is an apparel company that aims to establish itself as one of the most recognised names in the apparel industry. The company manufactures clothing for both the genders. In order to fulfil the aims it has, ABC must have a robust marketing plan giving focus on the consumer purchasing behaviour. The present report identifies two social influences that are relevant to the consumers of ABC Company and discusses how the social factors impact on the consumer purchase decision process. The report also discusses how marketers of ABC Company can apply the understanding of the social influences for improving the marketing strategies of the company. Impact of social influences on the consumer purchase decision process Consumer behaviour is the selection, purchase, and buying of products and accessing services for attaining the satisfaction that is desired. A number of factors impact the mindset of the consumers and the views they have with regards to a certain product. Whether the consumer would buy a certain product or choose a particular service depends on these factors. The factors together lead a customer to select a certain product or service among the other options available (Jobber Ellis-Chadwicl, 2012). Hollensen (2015) state that social factors have the greatest impact on the consumer purchase decision process. The social factors refer to the external influences on the purchase decisions of the consumers either in a direct or an indirect way. Three major social factors that influence purchase decisions are social status and role, family and reference group. All the three social factors influence the purchasing decisions of a consumer while buying apparel and therefore are significant for ABC Company. Social status and role- the position an individual holds within the society, in his family, his workplace and his circle of friends is defined as the social status and role he possess. A social role is the activities that the individual carries out and attitudes he have. These are found to be developing as per the position he holds at work, the gender, the profession he chooses and the expectations he has to meet considering the environment around him. The apparels that an individual buys is based on this social role and status and the buying process is marked by the impact of the social environment on the individual. For instance, a consumer may have the desire to buy apparels from the top apparel brand for the quality of the apparel. However, this decision may also be due to the desire to show external signs of social success. The success and standard the individual has in society drives the individual to buy the apparel that is of high price and representing high class (McKenzie-M ohr, 2013). Moreover, chances are high that a person holding a respectable position in an organisation and wearing clothes from not-so famous brands would get less attention from the stakeholders in his company than if he is wearing apparels from a top brand. Such behaviour is found at all levels of the society. Brands must have the understanding of this concept and create a brand image for their products that reflect a significant social status (Czinkota Ronkainen, 2013). Family- The family can be the most influential social factor for a section of the population. Family forms the milieu of socialisation and it is within this environment that the individual shape the personality, evolve and acquire values. This atmosphere of socialisation also helps in developing opinions and thoughts on various subjects, like clothing and food choices. Consumer behaviour is significantly impacted by the family members of the individual. For example, if an individual has not bought any apparel of a certain brand previously and a family member gives a negative feedback about the brand, it is likely that the individual would not consider buying clothes from that brand (Eagle et al., 2013). According to Lang Armstrong (2016) a certain brand may be making apparels of a certain material and if a family member has given build up a particular viewpoint about the material, there is less chance that the individual would buy apparels from that brand. Reference groups- As stated by MacInnis et al., (2014) membership group refers to the social group an individual belongs to, and it is this membership group that has the ability to influence him in due course of purchasing a product. A membership group relates to the age, social origin, work, leisure, and hobbies. Reference groups possess the potential to form an individuals behaviour and attitude. The influence that the reference group makes is found to be varying across brands and products. For products such as apparels, the influence made by reference groups is high. The reference group provides to the buyer certain aspect of comparison directly or indirectly about the consumer habits. The groups have an impact on the image an individual has about himself and his behaviour. As opined by Hoonsopon and Puriwat (2016) the wishes and desires that an individual has about buying an apparel results from what the reference group suggests. An individual may like to buy the same product tha t a member of the reference group has bought. For example, a teenager may want to buy a dress that her friend has bought. A young boy may want to buy a shirt in order to be accepted by his group of friends. Reference group may be impacting purchasing process either by providing suggestions or by advising a product. Reference groups, therefore, does not permit evaluation of products before buying; rather it compels an individual to buy a product (Matulich, et al., 2015). How marketers can apply the understanding of social influences on consumer behaviour to improve marketing strategies For becoming a successful consumer-based company, one must work by understanding the psychology of consumers for procuring consumers. By considering the social factors, marketing strategy can be made favourable for the company and goals of the valuable consumers can be fulfilled (Kotler et al., 2015). Shani and Chalasani (2013) highlight that consumer satisfaction is the objective of marketing for all organisations big or small and factors affecting consumer buying behaviour must be made the fundamental driving force for marketers. ABC needs to suitably apply the understanding of social influences on consumer behaviour for improving the companys marketing strategy. A number of marketing strategies are in place that can guide ABC in successfully reaching to its target customers. The most important strategies that ABC can consider for its marketers are as follows: Marketing mix: 4 Ps The marketing mix is a basic concept in the field of marketing. It is a widely used marketing strategy tool that helps in defining key concerns effecting marketing of the products by a firm and pursuing marketing objectives (Huang Sarigll, 2014). Rahmani et al., (2015) highlighted the four broad levels of marketing decisions and elaborated the marketing mix technique. According to the author, the four domains that a marketer must look into while setting the marketing plan are product, place, promotion and price. These 4 Ps are elementary to any marketing plan as it helps in evaluating the appeal of the product. ABC must use an appropriate marketing mix considering the 4 Ps for achieving the business goals. In order to establish itself at the highest peak of success in the apparel industry, it has to make a craze of the brand among the enthusiasts of fashion. Product- ABC needs to way out means to respond quickly to the evolving needs of the target customers. The exclusive selling preposition needs to be an imitation of the latest trends in the apparel industry. Customer survey regarding their choices as per the latest fashion is to be carried out to understand the recent needs and choices customers have. Seasonal variations are to be included in the range of apparels. Usually, apparels following the new trends are sold very fast in comparison to other apparels made following the previous trends. In case ABC founds that the products are not selling as desired, it must immediately pull them out from the stores. The launch of new products must consider the cultural needs of the people. It is desirable that ABC reaches out to the local people and understands what their choices are with relation to apparels. Designs must consider the integration of local traditions with modernisation (Singh Sarvanan, 2013). Pricing- ABC needs to give special attention to the products of the apparels. It is to be kept in mind that the products must be available at a reasonable rate. However, since the target customers also include cream customers, premium stores of the ABC apparels selling some special products can be set up. A premium pricing strategy can lead to optimisation of development as well as training costs (Gupta Hodges, 2012). Promotion- the best promotional strategy for ABC would be to have anything unique. The zero investment in marketing would be a suitable marketing option for the company. The company can use the money set aside for advertising for opening more stores. The key marketing strategy would be based on affordability, differentiation, and exclusivity. In essence, promotion of the brand would be based mostly on word of mouth advertisement. The products mainly target age group of 18-50 years. The reason for this is that this particular group is more fashion conscious (Wolfe, 2014). The showrooms are to be given special attention in order to draw the attention of the customers. Well groomed attendants and elegantly made showrooms would effectively promote the brand and reach to the consumers. The theme of the brand needs to be uber fashion that is common for all ages. Use of innovative window display along with store and ensemble grouping would successfully attract customers (Yan et al., 2012). Place- in order to reach out to the maximum number of consumers and cater all the needs of the consumers, ABC must make itself a stand out brand by being a vertically integrated retailer. This implies that the company needs to design, manufacture and distribute the products itself. This would be working since customers would develop a trust and loyalty for the apparel products (Na Na, 2015). Another very crucial factor is that ABC must imbibe in it the culture of the places where it wants to open stores. This would be a real strength for the company and cater the needs of the consumers. Young designers can be hired and given adequate training for incorporating their culture and choices in the designs of the products (Hultn, Vanyushyn, 2014). Segmentation Strategy The segmentation strategy of ABC needs to be based on the typical demographics that the target customers have, like psychographics, age, and gender. Moreover, the company must also consider targeting the customers on the basis of the style and the fashion sense they have, for instance, classic, trendy, grunge and contemporary. The marketers must blend the ethnicity along with tastes of the customers. The products must match the products with the settings in which they are sold. In relation to the personal knowledge and information read, marketers of ABC must clearly segment itself into different regions. This would demonstrate the demographic intentions regarding segmentation of customers having different tastes and choices and pricing preferences. The company must produce the complete value of its products on a dissimilar manner from other brands (Kotler et al., 2015). Targeting Strategy ABC must target a wide gap in the retail market in order to have a robust targeting strategy. The firm needs to target customers who have a consistent interest in the high fashion apparels. These customers have the desire to be in-line with the latest fashion trends; however, they cannot afford clothes from high-end boutiques and couture. Launching the outlets in locations that are high profile is an appropriate measure. Customers can be provided with a turnover time frame of around 5 weeks for the newly available collections. These collections would be priced at nearly a fraction of what it would cost at couture (Lahiri Siddika, 2014). The marketers must carry out primary as well as secondary research for creating demographics options. The firm can implement a fashion direction by targeting older age group customers who are willing to use apparels that make them look young. High fashions following customers are to be targeted and modern clothing is to be produced keeping in mind th eir desires (Lee et al., 2014). Positioning and Differentiation Strategy The main objective of ABC with regards to positioning needs to be democratize fashion.' ABC needs to position itself as a low cost brand that delivers the actual value of the product that is sold. Products need to be high fashion, accessible and trendy. Moreover, it needs to position itself as a popular brand within the group of generation Y (Islam et al., 2014). ABC can differentiate itself from the other apparel brands by offering low value for high quality. Quality received is a major factor that influences the buying decision process of consumers. Good quality at an affordable price is what all customers want. Lastly, ABC must spend enormous time in researching for the future trends. The reason for this is that the firm must design the product line half a year prior to its launch. Following these marketing strategies, ABC would accomplish its set goals and objectives and achieve further growth and set a benchmark in the apparel industry (Kotler et al., 2015). Conclusion How consumers respond to marketing messages put forward by different brands and how they make purchasing decision is a topic of significance for marketers across all industries. Social influences are found to be quite diverse, and such kind of influencers encompasses the consumers social interaction, family, work and the group that a person affiliates with. The living conditions, income level, the social class also fall into this category of influencers. Social factors need to be critically analysed while developing the marketing plans for a certain firm. By the identification and understanding of the factors influencing the customers, ABC has the good opportunity to develop an effective strategy for marketing its apparels to a broad range of consumers. Marketing mix, targeting, positioning, differentiation, and segmentation are the key concerns in relation to a robust marketing plan, and a suitable combination of all these factors would lead to success for the company. References Czinkota, M. R., Ronkainen, I. A. (2013).International marketing. Cengage Learning. Eagle, L., Dahl, S., Hill, S., Bird, S., Spotswood, F., Tapp, A. (2013).Social marketing. Pearson Education. Gupta, M., Hodges, N. (2012). Corporate social responsibility in the apparel industry: An exploration of Indian consumers' perceptions and expectations.Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal,16(2), 216-233. Hair Jr, J. F., Lukas, B. (2014).Marketing research. McGraw-Hill Education Australia. Hollensen, S. (2015).Marketing management: A relationship approach. Pearson Education. Hoonsopon, D., Puriwat, W. (2016). The effect of reference groups on purchase intention: Evidence in distinct types of shoppers and product involvement.Australasian Marketing Journal (AMJ),24(2), 157-164. Huang, R., Sarigll, E. (2014). How brand awareness relates to market outcome, brand equity, and the marketing mix. InFashion Branding and Consumer Behaviors(pp. 113-132). Springer New York. Hultn, P., Vanyushyn, V. (2014). Promotion and shoppers' impulse purchases: the example of clothes.Journal of Consumer Marketing,31(2), 94-102. Islam, M. M., Islam, M. M., Azim, A. Y. M. A., Anwar, M. R., Uddin, M. M. (2014). Customer perceptions in buying decision towards branded Bangladeshi local apparel products.European Scientific Journal,10(7). Jobber, D., Ellis-Chadwick, F. (2012).Principles and practice of marketing(No. 7th). McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Kotler, P., Burton, S., Deans, K., Brown, L., Armstrong, G. (2015).Marketing. Pearson Higher Education AU. Lahiri, I., Siddika, H. (2014). Fashion Behaviour: Detangling Promotional Factors.Globsyn Management Journal,8(1/2), 64. Lang, C., Armstrong, C. M. (2016). Personal Attributes: Influences on Clothing Disposal Reasons and Frequency.Journal of Family Consumer Sciences,108(3), 41-47. Lee, C. H., Wong, H. R., Kao, T., Hu, J. (2014). A study on the conceptualization of apparel brand.International Review of Management and Business Research,3(1), 24. MacInnis, D. J., Park, C. W., Priester, J. W. (2014).Handbook of brand relationships. Routledge. Matulich, E., Haytko, D. L., Amin, K. (2015). Multiple Attitude Functions Served by Products: Consumer Behavior Implications. InMarketing, Technology and Customer Commitment in the New Economy(pp. 226-226). Springer International Publishing. McKenzie-Mohr, D. (2013).Fostering sustainable behavior: An introduction to community-based social marketing. New society publishers Na, Y., Na, D. K. (2015). Investigating the sustainability of the Korean textile and fashion industry.International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology,27(1), 23-33. Rahmani, K., Emamisaleh, K., Yadegari, R. (2015). Quality Function Deployment and New Product Development with a focus on Marketing Mix 4P model.Asian Journal of Research in Marketing,4(2), 98-108. Shani, D., Chalasani, S. (2013). Exploiting niches using relationship marketing.Journal of Services Marketing. Singh, N., Sarvanan, R. (2013). A Comprehensive Study on Female Buying Behaviour for Apparel Segment in Coimbatore.International Journal of Textile and Fashion Technology (IJTFT),1(3), 67-82. Wilson, A., Zeithaml, V. A., Bitner, M. J., Gremler, D. D. (2012).Services marketing: Integrating customer focus across the firm. McGraw Hill. Wolfe, M. G. (2014). Fashion Marketing Merchandising.terminology,27(31), 126-139. Yan, R. N., Hyllegard, K. H., Blaesi, L. F. (2012). Marketing eco-fashion: The influence of brand name and message explicitness.Journal of Marketing Communications,18(2), 151-168.

Work in Aviation and Medicine †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Work in Aviation and Medicine. Answer: Introduction: Australian economy is one of the fastest growing economy in the western nations that has been growing through its 27th consecutive growth stage (McCombie Thirlwall, 2016). With the aim to achieve sustainability Australian economy is cannon balling the annual growth rate with the rapid production in the mining industry as well as substantial improvement in the GDP share of the service sector (Byrne, Fernald Reinsdorf, 2016). In addition to this, it has been found that the economy is having high flow of foreign tourists to the Australia that has been making it one of the sustainable economy in the world. Well, in this regard it is important to mention that various Australian airline industry plays a significant role in the growth of the countrys GDP. Combining all the airline industries, it can be seen that they represent 1.2% of countrys GDP and has produced more than 35,000 jobs in the economy (Zhang et al. 2018). Considering the importance of the airline industry in the Australian economy, this report is aimed to study the airline market with special focus to the Qantas airline and find out the insight details regarding the market structure of the same. In addition to this, the report is aimed to provide economic interpretation of the market structure and provide contrast to the characteristics of the chosen industry. C and it is the third oldest airline in the world. Introduced back in 1920, it was initially focused to provide air service to the domestic passengers and during 1935 it went for its first international flight (Shaffner, Mills Helms, 2017). According to the statistics of 2014, Qantas is accounted for 65% of providing service to 65% of domestic customers and when it comes to the international customers then it enjoys a healthy share of 14.9% out of total out going passengers (Domestic aviation activity, 2018). It has at least 11 subsidiaries, which are focused on the trunk roads to gain higher amount of profit and deter the new entrants to enter into the Australian airline industry. Since 2008 post recession though the profit share of the Qantas has fell substantially, however it enjoys sustainable income from its domestic and international flights combined. The firm has produced 29,596 employment in the year 2017 and with the 806% of passenger load factor it can be stated that the f irm is performing goof business with their effective strategies to control the market (Australia domestic airline market outlook, 2018). Structure of the selected industry: Australian airline market is a duopoly market, which is another type of oligopoly. In Australian airline industry there are only two large players who enjoy 92% of the market share making the existence of the other players minimal (Forsyth, 2018). Under the duopoly market structure the Qantas is accounted to 62% of the market share alone and its nearest competitor, which is virgin blue enjoys 30% of the total airline market share (Australian Airline Industry Parliament of Australia, 2018). According to the same source, contrary to Qantas and Virgin Blue, 8% of the market share is enjoyed by the other firms. However, post 2002, Australian airline market was an oligopoly market, where the large three players were present, namely Qantas, Virgin Blue and the Ansett and there were small regional airline service providers too who used to enjoy considerable amount of market share. During that time Qantas was accounted for 39% of total airline market share and the market leader was Ansett w ith market share of more than 42% (Domestic aviation activity, 2018). However, post 2003, Ansett closed its operation and the market transformed into a duopoly market, where only two players, namely Virgin Blue and Qantas operate and the prior one has become the market leader with 62% of market share (Australia domestic airline market outlook, 2018). Considering the market share statistics, it can be seen that that the present firms are highly diverse in case of market share that makes it hard for the Virgin Blue with the Qantas. And on the other hand trunk airlines are nowhere near to the potential of the Qantas that has made it the market leader as well as the price setter. In addition to this, it has also been seen that the trunk airline duopoly has went to an end during 2003 due to the absence of Ansett all the market share has been absorbed by the Qantas (Helmreich Merritt, 2017). Thus, though prior to 2003, Australian airline industry was an oligopoly market, however, over th e time in absence of Ansett it has become a duopoly market. And when the trunk road is considered, then it is a monopoly market, where the market is controlled by the Qantas. The selected industry is an Australian airline industry, which operates under the duopoly framework. According to the duopoly model of economy, it is a special form of oligopoly where the number of market player is limited to two. Considering the case of the Australian airline industry it can be seen that the Australian airline has two market player, which are namely Qantas and Virgin Blue that makes it a duopoly market (Zhang, Sampaio Fu, 2016). On the other hand oligopoly is the market framework, where the number of players in the market is higher than two. Under the duopoly market, products are differentiated and each product have some amount of customer loyalty that provides the firm some amount of monopoly power (Feng, Li Li, 2014). On the other hand like oligopoly as the policy to promote the product, duopoly utilize the advertising technique and for deterring the new entrants brand loyalty as well as price cut is utilized by the firms. In case of the Australian airline indus try same principal can be observed, where the market is controlled by the Qantas that provides it much amount of monopoly power and along with the brand preference of customers the Australian airline deters the new entrants through price cut or coordinating pricing strategy. Characteristics of the chosen industry: As it has been observed through analysing the Australian airline industry, there are only two prominent market players are present. These are Qantas and the other one Virgin Blue. When it comes to the number of sellers, then there is more than 5.28 million passengers in Australia who uses Australian airline service as their medium of transportation frequently (Andrew et al., 2015). Australian market performs under the duopoly framework and analysing the same, it can be seen that the airline duopoly of Australia is potent to deter any new entrants. Both the firms are almost same in size considering the actual potential of them, thus it makes the chances for the new entrant to penetrate the market is almost zero (Baker, Merkert Kamruzzaman, 2015). Though the competition between the Qantas and Virgin Blue is not as much severe as it used to be between the Qantas and the Ansett, however both of them are not willing to let the other player enter into the market. Thus there is entry barriers to a high magnitude and when it comes to exit, then the firm faces barriers too. Considering the case of the Ansett, it can be seen that the firm has lost all of its physical capitals that has caused them good amount of loos. Thus the barrier in the case of exit is also present. Considering the duopoly market structure, Qantas in short run earn normal profit, where the price equilibrium occurs where the marginal cost and average cost equates. On the other hand during long run Qantas enjoys supernormal profit, because the willingness to pay is higher compared to the prevailing market price (Goeters, 2017). Price determination: Between the two market players, Qantas is the largest one which enjoys almost 62% of market share; on the other hand only 30% of market share is enjoyed by the Virgin blue ("Australian Airline Industry Parliament of Australia", 2018). That makes the Qantas market leader. However, when the potential of the firms are judged, they are almost same, that makes the situation tough for both the firm. Though the price is being determined by the Qantas, however, when it comes to leisure travel, then Virgin Blue is the market leader. Under duopoly market structure, other than price competition there need to non-price competition too. In case of the Australian airline industry, it uses advertising and brand loyalty along with the price cutting as the means of non-price competition. Conclusion: From the above discussion it can be seen that the Australian airline industry is a duopoly framework, where only two large players namely, Qantas and Virgin Blue operates. Due to the considerable amount of market share, Qantas acts as the market leader and decides the price. On the other hand, the firms opts for collusive pricing strategy in order to reduce the monopoly power of each other. Thus to conclude, it can be stated that through the duopoly airline market structure, Australian economy has performed well, that has shared substantial amount of share to GDP and produced great amount of job annually. Reference: Andrew, E., De Wit, A., Meadley, B., Cox, S., Bernard, S., Smith, K. (2015). Characteristics of patients transported by a paramedic-staffed helicopter emergency medical service in Victoria, Australia.Prehospital Emergency Care,19(3), 416-424. Australia domestic airline market outlook: Qantas Group reins in capacity as Virgin continues growth. (2018).CAPA - Centre for Aviation. Retrieved 16 April 2018, from https://centreforaviation.com/insights/analysis/australia-domestic-airline-market-outlook-qantas-group-reins-in-capacity-as-virgin-continues-growth-218946 Australian Airline Industry Parliament of Australia. (2018).Aph.gov.au. 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